在GMAT分析性写作部分(Analytical Writing Assessment, AWA),考生需要在30分钟内完成一篇议论文,分析一个论点的逻辑结构。文章的结构清晰与否直接影响到评分的高低。一个逻辑清晰、条理分明的文章不仅能让考官快速理解你的观点,还能展示你的逻辑思维能力和写作技巧。本文将为你详细介绍如何在GMAT写作中组织文章结构,帮助你在考试中取得优异成绩。
一篇标准的GMAT议论文通常包括以下三个部分:引言、主体段落和结论。每个部分都有其特定的功能和内容要求。
引言部分是文章的开头,通常包含以下内容:
简要介绍论点:用一两句话概括题目中的论点或观点。
明确表达你的立场:清晰地表明你对论点的看法,通常是对论点的逻辑漏洞进行总体评价。
概述文章结构:简要说明你将在主体段落中分析的主要逻辑漏洞。
示例: "The argument claims that implementing a new marketing strategy will significantly increase the company's sales. However, this assertion is fraught with logical flaws that undermine its credibility. In this essay, I will analyze these flaws and suggest ways to strengthen the argument."
主体段落是文章的核心部分,通常包含2-3段,每段分析一个主要的逻辑漏洞。每个主体段落应包括以下内容:
段落主题句:明确指出你将分析的具体逻辑漏洞。
详细分析:解释为什么这个逻辑漏洞存在问题,提供具体的例子或证据。
改进建议:提出如何改进这个逻辑漏洞,使论点更加有说服力。
示例: "Firstly, the argument assumes that the new marketing strategy will attract a large number of new customers without providing any evidence to support this assumption. For instance, it does not consider the market saturation or the competition from other companies. To strengthen the argument, the company should conduct market research to assess the potential demand and competition."
"Secondly, the argument fails to address the cost implications of implementing the new marketing strategy. While it claims that the strategy will increase sales, it does not consider whether the increased costs will offset the potential gains. To make the argument more convincing, the company should provide a detailed cost-benefit analysis."
"Lastly, the argument does not provide any data or case studies to support its claim that similar strategies have been successful in the past. Without concrete evidence, the assertion remains speculative. The company should present specific examples of successful implementations to bolster its argument."
结论部分是文章的结尾,通常包含以下内容:
总结主要观点:重申你在主体段落中分析的主要逻辑漏洞。
重申你的立场:再次强调你对论点的总体评价。
提出总体改进建议:简要总结如何改进论点,使其更加有说服力。
示例: "In conclusion, the argument is unconvincing due to its unsupported assumptions, lack of cost analysis, and absence of concrete evidence. To strengthen the argument, the company should conduct thorough market research, perform a detailed cost-benefit analysis, and provide specific examples of successful implementations. By addressing these logical gaps, the argument can become more compelling and persuasive."
在写作中,使用逻辑连接词可以帮助读者更好地理解文章的结构和逻辑关系。例如:
转折词:However, Nevertheless, Nonetheless
因果词:Therefore, Consequently, As a result
并列词:Moreover, Additionally, Furthermore
每个主体段落应围绕一个主要的逻辑漏洞展开,避免在段落中引入多个不相关的观点。段落内的句子应紧密围绕主题句展开,确保段落内容的一致性和连贯性。
如果允许,使用清晰的标题和小标题可以帮助读者快速了解文章的结构和主要内容。例如:
Introduction
Logical Flaws in the Argument
Assumption Without Evidence
Cost Implications Ignored
Lack of Concrete Evidence
Conclusion
尽量使用简洁明了的句子,避免冗长复杂的句子结构。冗长的句子不仅容易让读者感到困惑,还可能增加语法错误的风险。例如:
冗长句子:The argument suggests that the new policy will be effective because it has been shown in numerous studies that similar policies have had positive outcomes in other regions.
简洁句子:The argument suggests that the new policy will be effective, as similar policies have had positive outcomes in other regions.
在写作过程中,注意语法和拼写错误。虽然小的语法错误可能不会严重影响你的分数,但过多的错误会降低文章的整体质量。建议在写作完成后,花几分钟时间检查语法和拼写错误。
在GMAT写作中,组织清晰的文章结构是展示逻辑思维和写作能力的关键。通过熟悉文章的标准结构(引言、主体段落和结论),使用逻辑连接词,保持段落一致性,使用清晰的标题和小标题,避免冗长句子,以及注意语法和拼写,考生可以显著提高写作水平。希望本文的介绍能够帮助你在GMAT写作部分取得优异的成绩。
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